Majuli’s mask-making tradition originates in the neo-Vaishnavite monasteries (Sattras) established by the saint Srimanta Sankardev in the 15th–16th century. Masks were essential performance tools in “Bhaona,” a theatrical form used to spread devotional teachings. Artisans developed a unique technique using bamboo framework, clay, cow dung, cloth and natural fibres to create expressive, lightweight masks representing mythological characters. Passed down through monastic lineages, the craft blends spirituality, performance and community learning.